AVR Embedded Tutorials

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AVR embedded tutorial

This is a tutorial for programming AVR microcontrollers with Free Pascal and Lazarus. This includes various ATtiny and ATmega microcontrollers. Most of the examples also run on an Arduino with an ATmega; especially the Uno/Nano. The Arduino-Mega can also be programmed. Basically, all AVR microcontrollers are programmed more or less the same way. Usually only the registers differ a little.

Set up cross compiler/IDE

Building the cross compiler and setting up the Lazarus IDE:

• Getting started Lazarus and Arduino (Uno/Nano) - How do I set up Lazarus to program an Arduino (AVR - Cross compiler).
• Set up Lazarus for ATtiny and ATmega - Lazarus cross compilation for additional Arduino / AVRs.
• Various programmers - hardware connections to flash the AVR.

AVR programming examples

• sechshelme examples (external)
• crrause examples (external)

Software

• AVR_Programming - important basics and special features for programming AVR
• Libraries - units in AVR programming.
• Delay - waiting routines (delay/sleep).
• Multiplex - Multiplex based on a 4-digit 7-segment display.
• Integer to digits - Output an integer to digits (7-segment display).
• Random Number Generator - A random number generator is quite complex on an AVR.

Hardware

• GPIO - Out / In - How do I access the GPIO on the AVR?
• GPIO - Interrupt - Use of GPIO interrupts and pin change.
• Timers/Counters - Use of hardware timers.
• Analog Write/PWM - Analog output using pulse width modulation (PWM)
• Analog Read - Read the analog pin.
• EEPROM - Save and read data to/from an EEPROM.

Communication

• UART - Serial input and output via UART (COM port).
• SPI - Use of the hardware SPI interface with an ATmega328 / Arduino.
• SPI slave - Use SPI as a slave.
• I²C / TWI - Communication with I²C / TWI, hardware controlled.
• Software I²C/TWI - Communication with I²C / TWI, software controlled.

External modules

• Shift registers - How do I control shift registers?
• Control I²C EEPROM - I²C EEPROM (24LC256).
• I²C external clock - External clock module DS3231.
• SPI shift register - Control a 74HC595 shift register via SPI.
• Control SPI MCP4922 - Control 12-bit DAC MCP4922 via SPI.
• ADS1115 - Control the 16-bit converter ADC1115 via I²C.

See also

• AVR - Cross compiler with make
• AVR Programming - Important basics and special features for programming Target Embedded AVR
• Arduino - communication with an Arduino
• ARM Embedded Tutorial - Tutorial for ARM Embedded/STM32.