Difference between revisions of "Data type"

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{{Data type}}
 
{{Data type}}
  
A '''data type''' is a classification of a variable or constant.  There are certain data types that are predefined by any Pascal compiler (because you need them to make everything else).  These are:
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=General=
  
* [[Byte|byte]] - an unsigned number in the range 0 to 255.
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This page provides an assortment of data types in Free Pascal.
* [[Char|char]] - Single character.
 
* [[Integer|integer]] - a whole number. FPC currently uses 4 bytes for integers.
 
* [[Real|real]] - a number which may have a decimal point and possibly an exponent.
 
* [[Cardinal|cardinal]] - an unsigned  whole number,ie it must be positive.
 
* [[Set|set]] - a collection of related elements; size depends on number of elements.
 
* [[Pointer|pointer]] - a reference to a location in memory, generally used for dynamic variables.
 
* [[Record|record]] - a combination of the above data types collected together.
 
* [[Class|class]]
 
* [[Object|object]] - a hybrid entity that may contain data and procedures to manipulate that data.
 
  
Other data types are generally made with some combination of the above.  FPC adds additional data types.
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A '''data type''' is a template for a [[Data field|data field]].
  
{{Data types}}
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The data type of a field defines how the compiler and processor interpret it's content.
  
[[Category:Pascal]]
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The visibility of a [[Data field|data field]] depends on the location of it's declaration.
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=Integer types=
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==Unsigned types==
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[[Data field]]s of unsigned integral types can only contain '''positive''' integral numbers.
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* [[UInt8]] - Range: (0 .. 255)
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* [[Byte]] - Range: (0 .. 255)
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* [[UInt16]] - Range: (0 .. 65535)
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* [[Word]] - Range: (0 .. 65535)
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* [[NativeUInt]] - Range: depends on the processor type.
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* [[DWord]] - is equivalent to Longword.
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* [[Cardinal]] - is equivalent to Longword.
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* [[UInt32]] - Range: (0 .. 4294967295)
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* [[Longword]] - Range: (0 .. 4294967295)
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* [[UInt64]] - Range:  (0 .. 18446744073709551615)
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* [[QWord]] - Range:  (0 .. 18446744073709551615)
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==Signed types==
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[[Data field]]s of signed integral types can contain positive '''and''' negative integral numbers.
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* [[Int8]] - Range: (-128 .. 127)
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* [[Shortint|ShortInt]] - Range: (-128 .. 127)
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* [[Int16]] - Range: (-32768 .. 32767)
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* [[Smallint|SmallInt]] - Range: (-32768 .. 32767)
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* [[Integer]] - Range: is equivalent either to Smallint or Longint (for 16 respectively 32 bit processors).
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* [[Int32]] - Range: (-2147483648 .. 2147483647)
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* [[NativeInt]] - Range: depends on the processor type.
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* [[Longint|LongInt]] - Range: (-2147483648 .. 2147483647)
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* [[Int64]] - Range: (-9223372036854775808 .. 9223372036854775807)
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=Floating-point types=
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[[Data field]]s of a floating-point type can contain:
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# positive '''and''' negative integral numbers with possible round-off errors.
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# positive '''and''' negative floating-point numbers.
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* [[Single]] - Range: (1.5E-45 .. 3.4E38)
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* [[Real]] - Range: depends on the platform.
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* [[Real48]] - Range: 2.9E-39 .. 1.7E38
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* [[Double]] - Range: (5.0E-324 .. 1.7E308)
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* [[Extended]] - Range: depends on the platform.
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* [[Comp]] - Range: (-2E64+1 .. 2E63-1)
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* [[Currency]] - Range: (-922337203685477.5808 .. 922337203685477.5807)
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=Boolean types=
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[[Data field]]s of boolean type contain truth values.
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* [[Boolean]] - Range: (True, False), 8 Bit
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* [[Bytebool|ByteBool]] - Range: (True, False), 8 Bit
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* [[Wordbool|WordBool]] - Range: (True, False), 16 Bit
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* [[Longbool|LongBool]] - Range: (True, False), 32 Bit
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=Enumeration types=
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[[Data field]]s of an enumeration type are "lists" (enumerations...) of integral unsigned constants.
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* [[Enum Type]] - Range: (integral data types)
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=Char types=
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==Char types with single byte encoding==
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* [[Char]] - Constant length: 1 byte, representation: 1 character.
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* [[Shortstring|ShortString]] - Maxmimum length: 255 characters.
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* [[String]] - Maxmimum length: Shortstring or Ansistring (depends in the used compiler switch).
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* [[PChar]] - Pointer to a null-terminated string without length restriction.
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* [[Ansistring|AnsiString]] - No length restriction.
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* [[Pansichar|PAnsiChar]] - Pointer to a null-terminated string without length restriction.
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See the overview of the different [[Character and string types|character and string types]].
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== Char types with multi byte encoding==
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(The encoding with 2 or 4 bytes is system dependent.<br>
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* [[WideChar]] - Constant length: 2 or 4 bytes, representation: 1 character.
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* [[Widestring|WideString]] - No length restriction.
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* [[Pwidechar|PWideChar]] - Pointer to a null-terminated wide string without length restriction.
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* [[Unicodechar|UnicodeChar]] - Constant length: 2 or 4 bytes, representation: 1 character.
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* [[Unicodestring|UnicodeString]] - No length restriction.
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* [[Punicodechar|PUnicodeChar]] - Pointer to a null-terminated Unicode string without length restriction.
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See the overview of the different [[Character and string types|character and string types]].
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=Variant types=
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*[[Variant]]
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*[[Olevariant]]
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=Constants=
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*Untyped constants
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**[[Const]] - Only simple data types can be used.
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*Typed constants
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**[[Const]] - Simple data types as well as records and arrays can be used.
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*Resource Strings
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**[[Resourcestring|Resourcestring]] - Used for localisation (not available in all compiler modes).
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=Structural types=
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* [[Array]] - The size of the array depends on the type and the number of elements it contains.
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* [[Record]] - A combination of multiple data types.
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* [[Set]] - A set of elements of an ordinal type; the size depends on number of elements it contains.
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=Subrange types=
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* [[subrange types]] are a subset of a base type.
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=Pointer=
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* [[Pointer]] - The size depends on the processor type.
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=Classes and objects=
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* [[Object]] - Developed under Turbo Pascal 5.5 for DOS and the precursor of class.
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* [[Class]] - Developed under Delphi 1.0 for Windows and the successor of object.
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= See also =
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* [[Pascal basics]]

Latest revision as of 16:06, 29 August 2021

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General

This page provides an assortment of data types in Free Pascal.

A data type is a template for a data field.

The data type of a field defines how the compiler and processor interpret it's content.

The visibility of a data field depends on the location of it's declaration.

Integer types

Unsigned types

Data fields of unsigned integral types can only contain positive integral numbers.

  • UInt8 - Range: (0 .. 255)
  • Byte - Range: (0 .. 255)
  • UInt16 - Range: (0 .. 65535)
  • Word - Range: (0 .. 65535)
  • NativeUInt - Range: depends on the processor type.
  • DWord - is equivalent to Longword.
  • Cardinal - is equivalent to Longword.
  • UInt32 - Range: (0 .. 4294967295)
  • Longword - Range: (0 .. 4294967295)
  • UInt64 - Range: (0 .. 18446744073709551615)
  • QWord - Range: (0 .. 18446744073709551615)

Signed types

Data fields of signed integral types can contain positive and negative integral numbers.

  • Int8 - Range: (-128 .. 127)
  • ShortInt - Range: (-128 .. 127)
  • Int16 - Range: (-32768 .. 32767)
  • SmallInt - Range: (-32768 .. 32767)
  • Integer - Range: is equivalent either to Smallint or Longint (for 16 respectively 32 bit processors).
  • Int32 - Range: (-2147483648 .. 2147483647)
  • NativeInt - Range: depends on the processor type.
  • LongInt - Range: (-2147483648 .. 2147483647)
  • Int64 - Range: (-9223372036854775808 .. 9223372036854775807)

Floating-point types

Data fields of a floating-point type can contain:

  1. positive and negative integral numbers with possible round-off errors.
  2. positive and negative floating-point numbers.
  • Single - Range: (1.5E-45 .. 3.4E38)
  • Real - Range: depends on the platform.
  • Real48 - Range: 2.9E-39 .. 1.7E38
  • Double - Range: (5.0E-324 .. 1.7E308)
  • Extended - Range: depends on the platform.
  • Comp - Range: (-2E64+1 .. 2E63-1)
  • Currency - Range: (-922337203685477.5808 .. 922337203685477.5807)

Boolean types

Data fields of boolean type contain truth values.

  • Boolean - Range: (True, False), 8 Bit
  • ByteBool - Range: (True, False), 8 Bit
  • WordBool - Range: (True, False), 16 Bit
  • LongBool - Range: (True, False), 32 Bit

Enumeration types

Data fields of an enumeration type are "lists" (enumerations...) of integral unsigned constants.

Char types

Char types with single byte encoding

  • Char - Constant length: 1 byte, representation: 1 character.
  • ShortString - Maxmimum length: 255 characters.
  • String - Maxmimum length: Shortstring or Ansistring (depends in the used compiler switch).
  • PChar - Pointer to a null-terminated string without length restriction.
  • AnsiString - No length restriction.
  • PAnsiChar - Pointer to a null-terminated string without length restriction.

See the overview of the different character and string types.

Char types with multi byte encoding

(The encoding with 2 or 4 bytes is system dependent.

  • WideChar - Constant length: 2 or 4 bytes, representation: 1 character.
  • WideString - No length restriction.
  • PWideChar - Pointer to a null-terminated wide string without length restriction.
  • UnicodeChar - Constant length: 2 or 4 bytes, representation: 1 character.
  • UnicodeString - No length restriction.
  • PUnicodeChar - Pointer to a null-terminated Unicode string without length restriction.

See the overview of the different character and string types.

Variant types

Constants

  • Untyped constants
    • Const - Only simple data types can be used.
  • Typed constants
    • Const - Simple data types as well as records and arrays can be used.
  • Resource Strings
    • Resourcestring - Used for localisation (not available in all compiler modes).

Structural types

  • Array - The size of the array depends on the type and the number of elements it contains.
  • Record - A combination of multiple data types.
  • Set - A set of elements of an ordinal type; the size depends on number of elements it contains.

Subrange types

Pointer

  • Pointer - The size depends on the processor type.

Classes and objects

  • Object - Developed under Turbo Pascal 5.5 for DOS and the precursor of class.
  • Class - Developed under Delphi 1.0 for Windows and the successor of object.

See also