Developing with Graphics

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Revision as of 12:49, 2 October 2005 by Sekelsenmat (talk | contribs)
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Overview

This page will be the start for tutorials with regard to manipulating Bitmaps and other graphics in your program. As I'm not a graphics programmer I invite all who are, to share their expertise! Just add a link to the next section, add a page and create your own WiKi article. On this page some general information will be given.

Working with TBitmap

The first thing to remember is that Lazarus is meant to be platform independent, so any methods using Windows API functionality are out of the question. So a method like ScanLine is not supported by Lazarus because it is intended for Device Independant Bitmap and uses functions from the GDI32.dll. So this takes care of the FAQ: Why is there no ScanLine in Lazarus?

A fading example

Say you want to make a Fading picture. In Delphi you could do something like:

type
  PRGBTripleArray = ^TRGBTripleArray;
  TRGBTripleArray = array[0..32767] of TRGBTriple;

procedure TForm1.FadeIn(aBitMap: TBitMap);
var
  Bitmap, BaseBitmap: TBitmap;
  Row, BaseRow: PRGBTripleArray;
  x, y, step: integer;
begin
  Bitmap := TBitmap.Create;
  try
    Bitmap.PixelFormat := pf32bit;  //  or pf24bit
    Bitmap.Assign(aBitMap);
    BaseBitmap := TBitmap.Create;
    try
      BaseBitmap.PixelFormat := pf32bit;
      BaseBitmap.Assign(Bitmap);
      for step := 0 to 32 do begin
        for y := 0 to (Bitmap.Height - 1) do begin
          BaseRow := BaseBitmap.Scanline[y];
          Row := Bitmap.Scanline[y];
          for x := 0 to (Bitmap.Width - 1) do begin
            Row[x].rgbtRed := (step * BaseRow[x].rgbtRed) shr 5;
            Row[x].rgbtGreen := (step * BaseRow[x].rgbtGreen) shr 5; // Fading
            Row[x].rgbtBlue := (step * BaseRow[x].rgbtBlue) shr 5;
          end;
        end;
        Form1.Canvas.Draw(0, 0, Bitmap);
        InvalidateRect(Form1.Handle, nil, False);
        RedrawWindow(Form1.Handle, nil, 0, RDW_UPDATENOW);
      end;
    finally
      BaseBitmap.Free;
    end;
  finally
    Bitmap.Free;
  end;
end;

This function in Lazarus could be implemented like:

procedure TForm1.FadeIn(ABitMap: TBitMap);
var
  SrcIntfImg, TempIntfImg: TLazIntfImage;
  ImgHandle,ImgMaskHandle: HBitmap;
  FadeStep: Integer;
  px, py: Integer;
  CurColor: TFPColor;
  TempBitmap: TBitmap;
begin
  SrcIntfImg:=TLazIntfImage.Create(0,0);
  SrcIntfImg.LoadFromBitmap(ABitmap.Handle,ABitmap.MaskHandle);
  TempIntfImg:=TLazIntfImage.Create(0,0);
  TempIntfImg.LoadFromBitmap(ABitmap.Handle,ABitmap.MaskHandle);
  TempBitmap:=TBitmap.Create;
  for FadeStep:=1 to 32 do begin
    for py:=0 to SrcIntfImg.Height-1 do begin
      for px:=0 to SrcIntfImg.Width-1 do begin
        CurColor:=SrcIntfImg.Colors[px,py];
        CurColor.Red:=(CurColor.Red*FadeStep) shr 5;
        CurColor.Green:=(CurColor.Green*FadeStep) shr 5;
        CurColor.Blue:=(CurColor.Blue*FadeStep) shr 5;
        TempIntfImg.Colors[px,py]:=CurColor;
      end;
    end;
    TempIntfImg.CreateBitmap(ImgHandle,ImgMaskHandle,false);
    TempBitmap.Handle:=ImgHandle;
    TempBitmap.MaskHandle:=ImgMaskHandle;
    Canvas.Draw(0,0,TempBitmap);
  end;
  SrcIntfImg.Free;
  TempIntfImg.Free;
  TempBitmap.Free;
end;

The Lazarus code on this page has been taken from the $LazarusPath/examples/lazintfimage/fadein1.lpi project. So if you want a flying start with graphics programming take a closer look at this example.