Difference between revisions of "File extensions"

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File extensions
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Here are the [[File extension|file extensions]] that are used when developing programs in Pascal. In most cases, these are extensions used by the IDE (Lazarus) and the compiler (FPC).
  
−
Some [[File extension|file extensions]]
+
== Lazarus ==
 +
=== Project files ===
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable"
 +
! extension || description || help || format
 +
|-
 +
| .lpg || Lazarus Project Group file || [[Project_Groups|Project Groups]] || XML
 +
|-
 +
| .lpk || Lazarus Package file (contains package-specific settings) || [[Lazarus_Packages|Lazarus Packages]] || XML
 +
|-
 +
| .lpi || Lazarus Project Information file (contains project-specific settings) || || XML
 +
|-
 +
| .lps || Lazarus Project Session file || [[IDE Window: Project Options#Save session information in|Project Options]] || XML
 +
|-
 +
| .lpr || Lazarus Program file, contains Pascal source of main program || || pascal
 +
|-
 +
| .lfm || Lazarus Form file - contains all components and their properties. The source code of the form is located in the PAS-file of the same name. || || text
 +
|-
 +
| .pas || Unit with Pascal code. It may also contain the code of form (stored in the LFM-file of the same name). || || pascal
 +
|-
 +
| .pp || Pascal code || || pascal
 +
|-
 +
| .inc || Include file. Contains a part of Pascal code that can be "included" in the program by the [[$include|{$i} directive]]. Not to be confused with INC-files of other programming languages that use the same extension. || [[$include]] || pascal
 +
|-
 +
| .compiled || Compilation session for a project || || XML
 +
|-
 +
| .ppu || Unit description file. Not to be confused with the compiled unit, which has the extension ".o" || [https://www.freepascal.org/docs-html/prog/progse65.html] || binary
 +
|-
 +
| .o || Compiled unit. Is the result of compilation by FPC (Free Pascal) or any other compiler (e.g. GCC for C++). || || binary
 +
|-
 +
| .or || Object resource, automatically generated from {$R} directive || || binary
 +
|-
 +
| .a ||  (1) Compiled unit, code part for smartlinking (on some platforms)<br /> (2) Compiled code from other compilers (e.g. gcc) linked into a static library || || binary
 +
|-
 +
| .lrs || Lazarus Resource file (this is a generated file; not to be confused with a Windows resource file) || [[Lazarus_Resources|Lazarus Resources]] || text
 +
|-
 +
| .lrt || Lazarus Resource string Table created when saving a LFM-file and i18n is enabled. It contains the TTranslateString properties of the LFM-file. || ||
 +
|-
 +
| .rst || Resource String Table created by the compiler for every unit with a "resourcestring" section || [[Getting_translation_strings_right|Getting translation strings right]] || text
 +
|-
 +
| .rsj || Resource String table in JSON format created by FPC 2.7.1 for units with "resourcestring" section || [[Using_resourcestrings|Using resourcestrings]], [https://www.freepascal.org/docs-html/prog/progse39.html] || JSON
 +
|-
 +
| .rc || Resource script || [[Lazarus_Resources|Lazarus Resources]] || text
 +
|-
 +
| .res || Compiled resource || [[Lazarus_Resources|Lazarus Resources]] || binary
 +
|-
 +
| .ico || Icon (typically for a program) || || ico
 +
|-
 +
| .gitignore || Ignore list of [[git]] || || text
 +
|}
  
 +
=== Subversion or Git ===
 +
These files would normally be stored in a repository as an adequate description of a project:
  
−
== Lazarus ==
+
*.lpi
 +
*.lpr
 +
*.lfm
 +
*.pas
 +
*.pp
 +
 
 +
These files might contain manually-generated or imported information, or might be regenerated by the IDE or build process. In general, if they have the same basename as the project or a form or unit they're IDE-generated, but in all cases should be reviewed individually:
  
−
*.lpi
 
−
    Lazarus Project Information file (stored in XML; contains project-specific settings)
 
−
*.lpr
 
−
    Lazarus Program file; contains Pascal source of main program
 
−
*.lfm
 
−
    Lazarus Form file; contains configuration information for all objects on a form
 
−
    (stored in a Lazarus-specific format; the actions are described by Pascal source code in a corresponding *.pas file)
 
−
*.pas
 
−
    Unit with Pascal code (typically for a form stored in a corresponding *.lfm file)
 
−
*.pp
 
−
    Pascal code
 
−
*.lrs
 
−
    Lazarus Resource file (this is a generated file; not to be confused with a Windows resource file).
 
−
*.ppu
 
−
    Compiled unit, symbols part.
 
−
*.o
 
−
    (1) Compiled unit, code part.
 
−
    (2) Compiled code from other compilers (e.g. gcc)
 
−
*.a
 
−
    (1) Compiled unit, code part for smartlinking (on some platforms)
 
−
    (2) Compiled code from other compilers (e.g. gcc) linked into a static library
 
−
*.lpk
 
−
    Lazarus package information file. (stored in XML; contains package-specific settings)
 
 
  *.inc
 
  *.inc
−
    Include file
+
*.res
 +
*.lrs
 +
*.rc
 +
*.ico
  
−
== General ==
+
These files are regenerated by the IDE or by a build so do not need to be stored:
  
 +
*.ppu
 +
*.o
 +
*.a
 +
*.lps
 +
*.or
 +
*.rst
 +
*.compiled
 +
 +
Note that *.lrj files are generated for every form while tracking i18n, loss of these files can cause missing translations.
 +
 +
There is an example .gitignore file at [https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/master/Global/Lazarus.gitignore].
 +
 +
== [[Delphi]] ==
 +
=== Project files ===
 +
*.dfm
 +
    Delphi form module
 +
*.dof
 +
    Delphi project options file
 +
*.dsk
 +
    Desktop configuration
 +
 +
=== Converting Delphi projects ===
 +
Lazarus can convert at least some Delphi project files into its own format.
 +
 +
== Application ==
 +
=== General ===
 
  *.txt
 
  *.txt
 
     Text file
 
     Text file
Line 61: Line 123:
 
     Rich Text Format text file
 
     Rich Text Format text file
  
−
== Image ==
+
=== Image ===
−
 
 
 
  *.png
 
  *.png
 
     Portable network graphic
 
     Portable network graphic
Line 78: Line 139:
 
     portable bitmap  
 
     portable bitmap  
 
  *.jpg
 
  *.jpg
 +
    compressed image format standardised by the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG)
  
−
 
+
=== XML ===
−
 
 
−
== XML ==
 
−
 
 
 
  *.xml
 
  *.xml
 
  *.dtd
 
  *.dtd
Line 88: Line 147:
 
  *.xsl
 
  *.xsl
  
−
== Web ==
+
=== Web ===
−
 
 
 
  *.html
 
  *.html
 
     Hypertext Markup Language
 
     Hypertext Markup Language
Line 95: Line 153:
 
     Cascading style sheet
 
     Cascading style sheet
  
−
== Archive ==
+
=== Archive ===
−
 
 
 
  *.tar
 
  *.tar
 
     tape archive
 
     tape archive
 
  *.zip
 
  *.zip
 +
    a single file containing one or more compressed files
  
−
== Database ==
+
=== Database ===
−
 
 
 
  *.dbf
 
  *.dbf
 
     Database file
 
     Database file
Line 108: Line 165:
 
     Multiple index file
 
     Multiple index file
  
−
== [[Delphi]] ==
+
=== [[FPSpreadsheet|Spreadsheet]] ===
−
 
+
  *.ods
−
  *.dfm
+
     OpenOffice.org Calc spreadsheet File Format
−
     Delphi form module
+
  *.xls 
−
  *.dof
+
     Microsoft Excel File Format
−
     Delphi project options file
+
  *.xlsx 
−
  *.dsk
+
     Microsoft Office Open XML Excel File Format
−
     Desktop configuration
 
−
 
 
−
== Linux and Unix ==
 
  
 +
== Operating system ==
 +
=== Linux and Unix (excluding Darwin) ===
 
  *.so  
 
  *.so  
 
     Shared object library
 
     Shared object library
Line 126: Line 182:
 
     Debian Package
 
     Debian Package
 
  *.rpm
 
  *.rpm
−
     RPM Package Manager  
+
     Red Hat Package Manager
  
−
==  Mac ==
+
===  Mac (Darwin) ===
  
 
  *.app
 
  *.app
 +
    [[Application Bundle|Application bundle]] (a structured directory)
 
  *.dmg
 
  *.dmg
 
     Disk Image File  
 
     Disk Image File  
 
  *.dylib  
 
  *.dylib  
−
     Dynamic shared library
+
     [[macOS Dynamic Libraries|Dynamic shared library]]
−
 
+
*.framework
−
== Windows ==
+
    Framework (set of interfaces or subframeworks)
 +
*.icns
 +
    Icon resource file containing one or more images used for an application icon
 +
*.plist
 +
    [[macOS property list files|Property list file]] (storage for serialised objects)
  
 +
=== Windows ===
 
  *.bat
 
  *.bat
 
     Batch file. It's a text file that contains a sequence of commands for a computer operating system.
 
     Batch file. It's a text file that contains a sequence of commands for a computer operating system.
Line 146: Line 208:
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
 +
 
[[Alphabetical list of file extensions]]
 
[[Alphabetical list of file extensions]]
 +
 +
[[Category:Lazarus]]
 +
[[Category:File Handling]]

Latest revision as of 16:30, 8 December 2023

Here are the file extensions that are used when developing programs in Pascal. In most cases, these are extensions used by the IDE (Lazarus) and the compiler (FPC).

Lazarus

Project files

extension description help format
.lpg Lazarus Project Group file Project Groups XML
.lpk Lazarus Package file (contains package-specific settings) Lazarus Packages XML
.lpi Lazarus Project Information file (contains project-specific settings) XML
.lps Lazarus Project Session file Project Options XML
.lpr Lazarus Program file, contains Pascal source of main program pascal
.lfm Lazarus Form file - contains all components and their properties. The source code of the form is located in the PAS-file of the same name. text
.pas Unit with Pascal code. It may also contain the code of form (stored in the LFM-file of the same name). pascal
.pp Pascal code pascal
.inc Include file. Contains a part of Pascal code that can be "included" in the program by the {$i} directive. Not to be confused with INC-files of other programming languages that use the same extension. $include pascal
.compiled Compilation session for a project XML
.ppu Unit description file. Not to be confused with the compiled unit, which has the extension ".o" [1] binary
.o Compiled unit. Is the result of compilation by FPC (Free Pascal) or any other compiler (e.g. GCC for C++). binary
.or Object resource, automatically generated from {$R} directive binary
.a (1) Compiled unit, code part for smartlinking (on some platforms)
(2) Compiled code from other compilers (e.g. gcc) linked into a static library		 binary
.lrs Lazarus Resource file (this is a generated file; not to be confused with a Windows resource file) Lazarus Resources text
.lrt Lazarus Resource string Table created when saving a LFM-file and i18n is enabled. It contains the TTranslateString properties of the LFM-file.
.rst Resource String Table created by the compiler for every unit with a "resourcestring" section Getting translation strings right text
.rsj Resource String table in JSON format created by FPC 2.7.1 for units with "resourcestring" section Using resourcestrings, [2] JSON
.rc Resource script Lazarus Resources text
.res Compiled resource Lazarus Resources binary
.ico Icon (typically for a program) ico
.gitignore Ignore list of git text

Subversion or Git

These files would normally be stored in a repository as an adequate description of a project: 

*.lpi
*.lpr
*.lfm
*.pas
*.pp

These files might contain manually-generated or imported information, or might be regenerated by the IDE or build process. In general, if they have the same basename as the project or a form or unit they're IDE-generated, but in all cases should be reviewed individually: 

*.inc
*.res
*.lrs
*.rc
*.ico

These files are regenerated by the IDE or by a build so do not need to be stored: 

*.ppu
*.o
*.a
*.lps
*.or
*.rst
*.compiled

Note that *.lrj files are generated for every form while tracking i18n, loss of these files can cause missing translations.

There is an example .gitignore file at [3].

Delphi

Project files

*.dfm
   Delphi form module
*.dof
   Delphi project options file
*.dsk
   Desktop configuration

Converting Delphi projects

Lazarus can convert at least some Delphi project files into its own format.

Application

General

*.txt
   Text file
*.po
   Gettext Portable Object
*.bak
   Backup
*.cfg
   Config file
*.chm
   Compiled Help File - contains html. See also package chm
*.csv
   Comma Separated Values text file format 
*.exe
   Directly executable program
*.hlp
   Help file
*.ini
   Initialization file
*.odt
   OpenDocument text document
*.pdf
   Portable Document Format
*.ps
   PostScript 
*.rtf
   Rich Text Format text file

Image

*.png
   Portable network graphic
*.bmp
   bitmap 
*.ico
   icon 
*.xpm
   pixmap 
*.ppm
   portable pixmap 
*.pgm
   portable graymap 
*.pbm
   portable bitmap 
*.jpg
   compressed image format standardised by the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG)

XML

*.xml
*.dtd
*.xsd
*.xsl

Web

*.html
   Hypertext Markup Language
*.css
   Cascading style sheet

Archive

*.tar
   tape archive
*.zip
   a single file containing one or more compressed files

Database

*.dbf
   Database file
*.mdx
   Multiple index file

Spreadsheet

*.ods
   OpenOffice.org Calc spreadsheet File Format
*.xls  
   Microsoft Excel File Format
*.xlsx  
   Microsoft Office Open XML Excel File Format

Operating system

Linux and Unix (excluding Darwin)

*.so 
   Shared object library
*.sh
   Shell script
*.deb
   Debian Package
*.rpm
   Red Hat Package Manager

Mac (Darwin)

*.app
   Application bundle (a structured directory)
*.dmg
   Disk Image File 
*.dylib 
   Dynamic shared library
*.framework
   Framework (set of interfaces or subframeworks)
*.icns
   Icon resource file containing one or more images used for an application icon 
*.plist
   Property list file (storage for serialised objects)

Windows

*.bat
   Batch file. It's a text file that contains a sequence of commands for a computer operating system.
*.dll 
  dynamic-link library
*.exe
   Directly executable program

See also

Alphabetical list of file extensions

Retrieved from "http://wiki.freepascal.org/index.php?title=File_extensions&oldid=157853"