Install Packages/zh CN

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概览

Due to popular demand here is a first attempt to create a small "Install package HOW-TO". 由于普遍的需求，这里有一个最初的尝试，建立一个小的“包如何安装”。

在安装辣子之后，很多新手想知道，哪里的组件能够操作数据库。你能看到一个数据源和一些数据感知组件，但是，哪里才是组件连接到数据库（服务器）和从数据库检索数据的地方呢？

好的，让我们看一看，是否我们能找到这些东西。

Files installed with Lazarus 辣子已安装文件

Under Linux Lazarus gets installed by default in /usr/share/lazarus, on Mac OS X Lazarus is installed in /usr/local/share/lazarus, and with Windows the installer gives you a choice where to install the files, as long as there are no spaces in its path. On my Windows PC Lazarus got installed in G:/Lazarus. Whatever the base path of your Lazarus installation is, there you will find some subdirectories. In this case the first (alphabetically) subdirectory looks rather promising as it is called components.

As you can see there are a few subdirectories there, which remind us of databases. One sees an Interbase, a mysql, a sqlite and a sqldb directory. The first three contain database connection components and TDataset descendants for the respective databases. The last one, sqldb, is more generic, as it consists of TSQLQuery (a TDataset) and TSQLTransaction which are used for all types of databases and a T??Connection to make the connection to the database. In this article we will install the sqldb package together with the connection for Interbase.

The real work 实际工作

First: the why 首先：为什么

Before we start installing a package I would like to discuss the why of Lazarus not installing database connection components. Database connection components need the client libraries to be available on the PC where the components are used. Because Lazarus does not currently support dynamic linking, all libraries have to be compiled into the IDE. As you cannot expect every developer to have all databases installed it is not possible to install the connection components by default.

Second: But Delphi ...? 其次：但是Delphi……

Delphi also only installs the database components which are readily available on the computer (ADO components) and components which do not need any client libraries (BDE: Paradox, DBase) to be installed.

Third: Let's install some stuff 第三点：让我们装点东西

To install a package one goes to "Components -> Open Package File (.lpk)". In the following dialog you navigate to /usr/share/lazarus/components/sqldb or the corresponding directory under OS X or Windows and choose the sqldblaz.lpk file. If everything works out as planned you will see the Package Manager. The Package Manager is showing a treeview with the files in the package and the required packages. Now press Compile if you don't want to install the component into the IDE, otherwise you should press Install. Next we get a warning about Lazarus only supporting static linked libraries and the question if you want to rebuild Lazarus. Just press Yes and sit back. Lazarus will be rebuilt, and depending on your configuration restarted.

If everything went well you'll see a new tab called SQLdb. This tab will contain two components a TSQLConnection and a TSQLQuery. What we need next is a Connection component. Once again go to Components -> Open Package File and navigate to /usr/share/lazarus/components/sqldb/interbase. Open the ibconnectionlaz.lpk file and again press Compile and Install and Yes. :)

Next time Lazarus is started the SQLdb tab also contains a component TIBConnection.

in the meantime all supported components.

Anything else? 还有别的吗？

Well that is all there is to it. You're now set to make your first program connecting to an Interbase server. See this sources to download a small example. If you have any questions, go to the lazarus forum or post it to the lazarus mailing list.

Compile an IDE with packages at command line 在命令行编译IDE的包

There is no command line tool yet, to configure and setup the IDE config files to add/remove packages. You must setup this with an IDE, copy the configs and adapt the path. See here for details: Install IDE packages without the IDE. But the rest can be done on command line:

First build a normal IDE and LCL 首先建立一个普通IDE和LCL

 make clean all

Then compile the packages 然后编译包

The IDE can create a Makefile for a package (package editor -> compiler options -> compilation). The Makefile is updated on every compile of the package. Once you have this Makefile, go to every package directory and type 'make'.

Finally compile the IDE with the packages 最后编译包进入IDE

 make idepkg