Difference between revisions of "Android Programming"
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+ | {{Platform only|Android|Android|Android}} | ||
{{Android programming}} | {{Android programming}} | ||
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__TOC__ | __TOC__ | ||
− | Knowing general Android programming can be very useful to help | + | Knowing general Android programming can be very useful to help develop the Lazarus Android Interface. |
+ | |||
+ | ==Platform Tips== | ||
+ | {{PlatformTips}} | ||
==How to...== | ==How to...== | ||
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'''Step 3''' - Download the latest lazarus-ccr sourceforge code: | '''Step 3''' - Download the latest lazarus-ccr sourceforge code: | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | |
− | + | svn co https://lazarus-ccr.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/lazarus-ccr lazarus-ccr | |
+ | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
or if you think it is too big you can download just the folder lazarus-ccr/bindings/android-ndk | or if you think it is too big you can download just the folder lazarus-ccr/bindings/android-ndk | ||
'''Step 4''' - Building the Pascal Library | '''Step 4''' - Building the Pascal Library | ||
+ | {{Note|In the steps below, the directory /home/felipe/Programas or ~/Programas is used. Please adjust if your paths are different.}} | ||
Open the project lazarus-ccr/bindings/android-ndk/examples/opengltest/opengltest.lpi | Open the project lazarus-ccr/bindings/android-ndk/examples/opengltest/opengltest.lpi | ||
− | Go to Project->Project Options->Paths and where is written "Libraries -Fl" you should see this | + | Go to Project->Project Options->Paths and where is written "Libraries -Fl" you should see a value like this: |
/home/felipe/Programas/android-ndk-r5/platforms/android-9/arch-arm/usr/lib | /home/felipe/Programas/android-ndk-r5/platforms/android-9/arch-arm/usr/lib | ||
Line 37: | Line 43: | ||
'''Step 5''' - Configuring the build environment | '''Step 5''' - Configuring the build environment | ||
− | Open the file opengltest/local.properties | + | Open the file opengltest/local.properties. Change this line to point to your SDK location: |
sdk.dir=/home/felipe/Programas/android-sdk-linux | sdk.dir=/home/felipe/Programas/android-sdk-linux | ||
− | |||
− | |||
'''Step 6''' - Buildings the APK | '''Step 6''' - Buildings the APK | ||
Open a terminal and type these commands: | Open a terminal and type these commands: | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | |
cd lazarus-ccr/bindings/ndk/examples/opengltest/android | cd lazarus-ccr/bindings/ndk/examples/opengltest/android | ||
ant debug | ant debug | ||
+ | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
The APK file will be placed in opengltest/android/bin/ | The APK file will be placed in opengltest/android/bin/ | ||
Line 54: | Line 59: | ||
'''Step 7''' - Install the APK | '''Step 7''' - Install the APK | ||
− | In this step if you get error messages about permissions read: [[Android_Interface/Using_the_Android_SDK%2C_Emulator_and_Phones#Recognition_of_devices_under_Linux]] | + | In this step, if you get error messages about permissions read: [[Android_Interface/Using_the_Android_SDK%2C_Emulator_and_Phones#Recognition_of_devices_under_Linux]] |
The command to install our APK in the phone is: | The command to install our APK in the phone is: | ||
+ | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | ||
+ | cd opengltest/android | ||
+ | ~/Programas/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools/adb install bin/OpenGLNDKTest-debug.apk | ||
+ | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
− | + | You should see something like: | |
− | |||
2395 KB/s (107299 bytes in 0.043s) | 2395 KB/s (107299 bytes in 0.043s) | ||
pkg: /data/local/tmp/OpenGLNDKTest-debug.apk | pkg: /data/local/tmp/OpenGLNDKTest-debug.apk | ||
Line 65: | Line 73: | ||
If you get an error message that it is already installed you can install with this command: | If you get an error message that it is already installed you can install with this command: | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | |
− | + | ~/Programas/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools/adb uninstall com.pascal.opengltest | |
+ | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
And then you can run adb logcat to see what the log says while you start it in the phone via its newly added icon: | And then you can run adb logcat to see what the log says while you start it in the phone via its newly added icon: | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | |
− | + | ~/Programas/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools/adb logcat | |
+ | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
===Read the screen metrics=== | ===Read the screen metrics=== | ||
Line 76: | Line 86: | ||
First fill a TDisplayMetrics with the correct info: | First fill a TDisplayMetrics with the correct info: | ||
− | <syntaxhighlight> | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="pascal"> |
uses androidutil; | uses androidutil; | ||
Line 95: | Line 105: | ||
And then you can read it from the TDisplayMetrics: | And then you can read it from the TDisplayMetrics: | ||
− | <syntaxhighlight> | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="pascal"> |
lHeight := MyDisplayMetrics.heightPixels(); | lHeight := MyDisplayMetrics.heightPixels(); | ||
lWidth := MyDisplayMetrics.widthPixels(); | lWidth := MyDisplayMetrics.widthPixels(); | ||
Line 132: | Line 142: | ||
===List of devices ordered by processor compatibility (ARMv6 vs ARMv7)=== | ===List of devices ordered by processor compatibility (ARMv6 vs ARMv7)=== | ||
− | + | {| class="wikitable" | |
+ | |+List of ARMv7 devices | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |Advent Vega (P10AN01) || Dell Streak, Streak 7 || HTC Desire || HTC Desire Z (T-Mobile G2) || HTC Desire HD | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |HTC Droid Incredible || HTC EVO 4G, EVO Shift 4G || HTC Glacier (T-Mobile myTouch 4G) || HTC Inspire 4G || HTC Nexus One | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |HTC Thunderbolt 4G || Huawei Ideos S7 || LG Optimus Z || Motorola Atrix 4G || Motorola Bravo | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |Motorola Cliq 2 - untested || Motorola Defy || Motorola Droid 2, Droid 2 Global || Motorola Droid Pro (Motorola Pro) || Motorola Droid X | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |Motorola Xoom || POV Mobii Tegra Tablet || Samsung Continuum (i400) || Samsung Galaxy S (i9000, Captivate,<br/> Fascinate, Vibrant, Epic 4G) || Samsung Galaxy Tab | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |Sharp IS03 || Sony Ericsson Xperia X10 || Toshiba AS100 || Viewsonic gTablet || Acer Liquid E | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Acer Liquid (Liquid A1) || Archos 101 Internet Tablet || Motorola Charm ||Motorola Droid (Milestone) ||Samsung Galaxy S 4G | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Samsung Nexus S || || || || | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | + | {| class="wikitable" | |
− | + | |+List of ARMv6 processors:''' | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | |Android SDK emulator || Asus Garmin nuvifone A50 (T-Mobile Garminfone) || Augen GENTouch 78 Tablet || Coby Kyros Internet Tablet (MID7015) | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | |Geeksphone One, Geeksphone Zero || HTC Aria || HTC ChaCha || HTC Dream (T-Mobile G1, Android Dev Phone 1) | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | HTC Droid Eris || HTC Espresso (T-Mobile myTouch 3G Slide) || HTC Hero (T-Mobile G2 Touch) || |HTC Legend | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | HTC Magic (T-Mobile myTouch 3G, T-Mobile G1 Touch) || HTC Salsa || HTC Tattoo || HTC Wildfire | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | Huawei Ascend || Huawei Ideos U8150-B (T-Mobile Comet) || Huawei U8110 (T-Mobile Pulse Mini) || |Huawei U8230 | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | LG Ally (Apex) (LG VS740) || LG GW620 (Eve, InTouch Max, LinkMe) || LG Optimus, Optimus M, Optimus T, Optimus S, Optimus V || | |
− | + | LG Vortex | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | LG P500 || MAG iMiTO iM7 || vMAG iMiTO iM7S || Motorola Backflip | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | Motorola Citrus || Motorola Cliq (MB200) || Motorola Dext || Motorola Devour | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | Motorola i1 || Motorola Spice XT300 || Motorola Quench XT5 XT502 || Pandigital Novel | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | Samsung GT-S5570 Galaxy Mini || Samsung i5500 Galaxy 5 (Corby) || Samsung i5700 Galaxy Portal (Spica) || Samsung i5800 Galaxy 3 | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | Samsung i7500 Galaxy || Samsung Intercept || Samsung M900 Moment || Samsung S5830 Galaxy Ace | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | Samsung Transform || Sanyo ZIO M6000 || Sony Ericsson Xperia X8 || Sony Ericsson Xperia X10 Mini | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | Sony Ericsson Xperia X10 Mini Pro || Superpad 10.2" Tablet PC || Viewsonic ViewPad 7 Tablet || Velocity Micro T103 Cruz tablet | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | Vodafone 845 || ZTE Blade || || | |
− | + | |} | |
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− | + | ===Playing sounds and videos on the phones=== | |
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− | + | Each phone comes with different codecs installed, which means that the native Media Player will be able to play different formats in different phones. Below is a table showing which formats play in the native Media Player of each phone: | |
− | |||
− | Each phone comes with different codecs installed, which | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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A good place where we have read and write access and we can create new files and even run files is /data/data/<package name> | A good place where we have read and write access and we can create new files and even run files is /data/data/<package name> | ||
− | ==Creating a new Java Android | + | ==Creating a new Java Android application== |
This info can be useful for helping implement LCL-CustomDrawn-Android | This info can be useful for helping implement LCL-CustomDrawn-Android | ||
Line 276: | Line 243: | ||
Generic instructions here: http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/other-ide.html | Generic instructions here: http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/other-ide.html | ||
− | ===Showing / | + | ===Showing/hiding the virtual keyboard=== |
See here: http://android-codes-examples.blogspot.com/2011/11/show-or-hide-soft-keyboard-on-opening.html | See here: http://android-codes-examples.blogspot.com/2011/11/show-or-hide-soft-keyboard-on-opening.html | ||
Line 282: | Line 249: | ||
To show it: | To show it: | ||
− | <syntaxhighlight> | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="java"> |
InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE); | InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE); | ||
imm.toggleSoftInput(InputMethodManager.SHOW_FORCED,0); | imm.toggleSoftInput(InputMethodManager.SHOW_FORCED,0); | ||
Line 289: | Line 256: | ||
and for hiding the keyboard: | and for hiding the keyboard: | ||
− | <syntaxhighlight> | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="java"> |
InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE); | InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE); | ||
imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(singleedittext.getWindowToken(),0); | imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(singleedittext.getWindowToken(),0); | ||
Line 296: | Line 263: | ||
==Android JNI== | ==Android JNI== | ||
Using JNI (Java Native Interface) you can call most Android SDK APIs and also other Java libraries. | Using JNI (Java Native Interface) you can call most Android SDK APIs and also other Java libraries. | ||
+ | ===Table of Java types and Pascal JNI types=== | ||
+ | All of the Java types except interfaces can be represented in JNI without problems. For each Java type there is a corresponding VM Type Signature which is utilized in routines such as javaEnvRef^^.GetMethodID. There is also the JNI native type, which is the type declared in the unit lazarus/lcl/interfaces/customdrawn/android/jni.pas and should be the type utilized in JNI code written in Pascal. The Pascal equivalent is provided just for comparison, as one should use the types from jni.pas when writing JNI code. | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable" | ||
+ | ! Java type !! VM signature !! Type in jni.pas !! Pascal equivalent !! Description | ||
+ | |---- | ||
+ | |boolean||Z||jboolean||Boolean|| | ||
+ | |---- | ||
+ | |byte||B||jbyte||Byte|| | ||
+ | |---- | ||
+ | |char||C||jchar||Word|| | ||
+ | |---- | ||
+ | |short||S||jshort||Shortint|| | ||
+ | |---- | ||
+ | |int||I||jint||Integer|| | ||
+ | |---- | ||
+ | |long||J||jlong||Int64|| | ||
+ | |---- | ||
+ | |float||F||jfloat||Single|| | ||
+ | |---- | ||
+ | |double||D||jdouble||Double|| | ||
+ | |---- | ||
+ | |a class, ie: String or InputStream||L<full class name> ie: Ljava/lang/String;||jobject||N/A|| | ||
+ | |---- | ||
+ | |Array, ie: int[]||[<type-name> ie: [I||N/A|| | ||
+ | |---- | ||
+ | |A method type||(arg-types)ref-type||JMethodID||N/A|| | ||
+ | |---- | ||
+ | |void||V||N/A||procedure|| | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
===Example 1: Creating a Java object and calling a Java method=== | ===Example 1: Creating a Java object and calling a Java method=== | ||
Let's say that you want to make Pascal JNI code equivalent to the following Java code: | Let's say that you want to make Pascal JNI code equivalent to the following Java code: | ||
− | <syntaxhighlight> | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="java"> |
HttpGet javaRequest = new HttpGet(); | HttpGet javaRequest = new HttpGet(); | ||
URI myURI = new URI("http://magnifier.sourceforge.net/"); | URI myURI = new URI("http://magnifier.sourceforge.net/"); | ||
Line 304: | Line 301: | ||
</syntaxhighlight> | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
First you need to get all Class IDs involved in the process, then get all method IDs which we will use and then make the calls. If the call has parameters, then pass it in an array. The following Pascal native code is equivalent to that Java code above: | First you need to get all Class IDs involved in the process, then get all method IDs which we will use and then make the calls. If the call has parameters, then pass it in an array. The following Pascal native code is equivalent to that Java code above: | ||
− | <syntaxhighlight> | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="pascal"> |
+ | uses jni, customdrawnint; | ||
+ | |||
var | var | ||
javaClass_HttpGet, javaClass_URI: jclass; | javaClass_HttpGet, javaClass_URI: jclass; | ||
Line 344: | Line 343: | ||
javaEnvRef^^.CallVoidMethodA(javaEnvRef, javaRequest, | javaEnvRef^^.CallVoidMethodA(javaEnvRef, javaRequest, | ||
javaMethod_HttpGet_setURI, @lParams[0]); | javaMethod_HttpGet_setURI, @lParams[0]); | ||
+ | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Example 2: Calling a static method=== | ||
+ | Let's say that you want to call the following static method located in the Bass class: http://jerome.jouvie.free.fr/nativebass/javadoc/org/jouvieje/bass/Bass.html | ||
+ | <syntaxhighlight lang="java"> | ||
+ | public static native int BASS_StreamCreateFile(String file, long offset, long length, int flags); | ||
+ | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
+ | First you need to get all Class IDs involved in the process, then get the static method ID and then make the call with the parameter in the array: | ||
+ | <syntaxhighlight lang="pascal"> | ||
+ | uses jni, customdrawnint; | ||
+ | |||
+ | var | ||
+ | javaClass_Bass: jclass; | ||
+ | javaMethod_Bass_BASS_StreamCreateFile: jmethodid; | ||
+ | javaString: jstring; | ||
+ | lParams: array[0..3] of JValue; | ||
+ | lRetInt: jint; | ||
+ | begin | ||
+ | // First call FindClass for all required classes | ||
+ | javaClass_Bass := javaEnvRef^^.FindClass(javaEnvRef, 'org/jouvieje/bass/Bass'); | ||
+ | |||
+ | // Now all Method IDs | ||
+ | javaMethod_Bass_BASS_StreamCreateFile := javaEnvRef^^.GetStaticMethodID(javaEnvRef, javaClass_Bass, 'BASS_StreamCreateFile', '(Ljava/lang/String;JJI)I'); | ||
+ | |||
+ | // Make the call | ||
+ | lParams[0].l := javaEnvRef^^.NewStringUTF(javaEnvRef, '/path/to/file'); | ||
+ | lParams[1].j := 0; // offset | ||
+ | lParams[2].j := 200; // length | ||
+ | lParams[3].i := 0; // flags | ||
+ | lRetInt := javaEnvRef^^.CallStaticIntMethodA(javaEnvRef, javaClass_Bass, javaMethod_Bass_BASS_StreamCreateFile, @lParams[0]); | ||
+ | javaEnvRef^^.DeleteLocalRef(javaEnvRef, lParams[0].l); | ||
</syntaxhighlight> | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
Line 349: | Line 379: | ||
* http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/other-ide.html | * http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/other-ide.html | ||
− | + | * [https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/3753548/Lazarus%20and%20Android.pdf Tutorial "Lazarus and Android"] (PDF file) | |
− | [ |
Latest revision as of 03:03, 16 December 2019
This article applies to Android only.
See also: Multiplatform Programming Guide
│
English (en) │
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See also Custom Drawn Interface/Android
Knowing general Android programming can be very useful to help develop the Lazarus Android Interface.
Platform Tips
- Android Programming - For Android smartphones and tablets
- iPhone/iPod development - About using Objective Pascal to develop iOS applications
- FreeBSD Programming Tips - FreeBSD programming tips
- Linux Programming Tips - How to execute particular programming tasks in Linux
- macOS Programming Tips - Lazarus tips, useful tools, Unix commands, and more...
- WinCE Programming Tips - Using the telephone API, sending SMSes, and more...
- Windows Programming Tips - Desktop Windows programming tips
How to...
Build the NDK OpenGL example
Just follow these steps:
Step 1 - Download and install the Android NDK, Android SDK and Ant. More information here: Android_Interface/Using_the_Android_SDK,_Emulator_and_Phones
Step 2 - Install the pre-compiled FPC cross-compiler. Instructions here: Android_Interface#Using_the_pre-compiled_compiler
Step 3 - Download the latest lazarus-ccr sourceforge code:
svn co https://lazarus-ccr.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/lazarus-ccr lazarus-ccr
or if you think it is too big you can download just the folder lazarus-ccr/bindings/android-ndk
Step 4 - Building the Pascal Library
Open the project lazarus-ccr/bindings/android-ndk/examples/opengltest/opengltest.lpi
Go to Project->Project Options->Paths and where is written "Libraries -Fl" you should see a value like this:
/home/felipe/Programas/android-ndk-r5/platforms/android-9/arch-arm/usr/lib
Change it to the correct path in your system which points to the NDK and to the library folder for your minimal required Android API Level
Now build the project using Lazarus.
Step 5 - Configuring the build environment
Open the file opengltest/local.properties. Change this line to point to your SDK location:
sdk.dir=/home/felipe/Programas/android-sdk-linux
Step 6 - Buildings the APK
Open a terminal and type these commands:
cd lazarus-ccr/bindings/ndk/examples/opengltest/android
ant debug
The APK file will be placed in opengltest/android/bin/
Step 7 - Install the APK
In this step, if you get error messages about permissions read: Android_Interface/Using_the_Android_SDK,_Emulator_and_Phones#Recognition_of_devices_under_Linux
The command to install our APK in the phone is:
cd opengltest/android
~/Programas/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools/adb install bin/OpenGLNDKTest-debug.apk
You should see something like:
2395 KB/s (107299 bytes in 0.043s) pkg: /data/local/tmp/OpenGLNDKTest-debug.apk Success
If you get an error message that it is already installed you can install with this command:
~/Programas/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools/adb uninstall com.pascal.opengltest
And then you can run adb logcat to see what the log says while you start it in the phone via its newly added icon:
~/Programas/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools/adb logcat
Read the screen metrics
First fill a TDisplayMetrics with the correct info:
uses androidutil;
var
MyDisplayMetrics: TDisplayMetrics;
Str: string;
//
lHeight, lWidth: Integer;
xdpi, ydpi, lScreenSize: Single;
begin
// ..
// Objects
MyDisplayMetrics := TDisplayMetrics.Create;
Activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(MyDisplayMetrics);
And then you can read it from the TDisplayMetrics:
lHeight := MyDisplayMetrics.heightPixels();
lWidth := MyDisplayMetrics.widthPixels();
xdpi := MyDisplayMetrics.xdpi();
ydpi := MyDisplayMetrics.ydpi();
lScreenSize := sqrt(sqr(lHeight / ydpi) + sqr(lWidth / xdpi));
ldensity := MyDisplayMetrics.density();
ldensityDpi := MyDisplayMetrics.densityDpi();
scaledDensity := MyDisplayMetrics.scaledDensity();
Note that lots of devices lie about the xdpi and ydpi, so don't trust the lScreenSize calculated above. Smartphones might report even 10 inches of screen size, while the correct is around 4.
Details about Android devices
Since there are so many Android devices, it can be useful to keep track of some information about them. See also in the wikipedia Comparison of Android Devices [1] and details about the processors in [2].
Smartphones
Manufacturer | Model | Android API Name (Build.Model) | Processor | Android version | Multi-touch | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HTC | Wildfire | HTC Wildfire | armv6 | 2.1=>2.2 | Yes | - |
Sony Erricson | Xperia X10 | X10i | armv7 | 1.6=>2.1 | No | - |
Tablets
Manufacturer | Model | Android API Name (Build.Model) | Processor | Android version | Multi-touch | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Toshiba | Folio 100 Tablet | TOSHIBA_FOLIO_AND_A | armv7 | 2.2 | Yes | - |
List of devices ordered by processor compatibility (ARMv6 vs ARMv7)
Advent Vega (P10AN01) | Dell Streak, Streak 7 | HTC Desire | HTC Desire Z (T-Mobile G2) | HTC Desire HD |
HTC Droid Incredible | HTC EVO 4G, EVO Shift 4G | HTC Glacier (T-Mobile myTouch 4G) | HTC Inspire 4G | HTC Nexus One |
HTC Thunderbolt 4G | Huawei Ideos S7 | LG Optimus Z | Motorola Atrix 4G | Motorola Bravo |
Motorola Cliq 2 - untested | Motorola Defy | Motorola Droid 2, Droid 2 Global | Motorola Droid Pro (Motorola Pro) | Motorola Droid X |
Motorola Xoom | POV Mobii Tegra Tablet | Samsung Continuum (i400) | Samsung Galaxy S (i9000, Captivate, Fascinate, Vibrant, Epic 4G) |
Samsung Galaxy Tab |
Sharp IS03 | Sony Ericsson Xperia X10 | Toshiba AS100 | Viewsonic gTablet | Acer Liquid E |
Acer Liquid (Liquid A1) | Archos 101 Internet Tablet | Motorola Charm | Motorola Droid (Milestone) | Samsung Galaxy S 4G |
Samsung Nexus S |
Android SDK emulator | Asus Garmin nuvifone A50 (T-Mobile Garminfone) | Augen GENTouch 78 Tablet | Coby Kyros Internet Tablet (MID7015) |
Geeksphone One, Geeksphone Zero | HTC Aria | HTC ChaCha | HTC Dream (T-Mobile G1, Android Dev Phone 1) |
HTC Droid Eris | HTC Espresso (T-Mobile myTouch 3G Slide) | HTC Hero (T-Mobile G2 Touch) | HTC Legend |
HTC Magic (T-Mobile myTouch 3G, T-Mobile G1 Touch) | HTC Salsa | HTC Tattoo | HTC Wildfire |
Huawei Ascend | Huawei Ideos U8150-B (T-Mobile Comet) | Huawei U8110 (T-Mobile Pulse Mini) | Huawei U8230 |
LG Ally (Apex) (LG VS740) | LG GW620 (Eve, InTouch Max, LinkMe) | LG Optimus, Optimus M, Optimus T, Optimus S, Optimus V |
LG Vortex |
LG P500 | MAG iMiTO iM7 | vMAG iMiTO iM7S | Motorola Backflip |
Motorola Citrus | Motorola Cliq (MB200) | Motorola Dext | Motorola Devour |
Motorola i1 | Motorola Spice XT300 | Motorola Quench XT5 XT502 | Pandigital Novel |
Samsung GT-S5570 Galaxy Mini | Samsung i5500 Galaxy 5 (Corby) | Samsung i5700 Galaxy Portal (Spica) | Samsung i5800 Galaxy 3 |
Samsung i7500 Galaxy | Samsung Intercept | Samsung M900 Moment | Samsung S5830 Galaxy Ace |
Samsung Transform | Sanyo ZIO M6000 | Sony Ericsson Xperia X8 | Sony Ericsson Xperia X10 Mini |
Sony Ericsson Xperia X10 Mini Pro | Superpad 10.2" Tablet PC | Viewsonic ViewPad 7 Tablet | Velocity Micro T103 Cruz tablet |
Vodafone 845 | ZTE Blade |
Playing sounds and videos on the phones
Each phone comes with different codecs installed, which means that the native Media Player will be able to play different formats in different phones. Below is a table showing which formats play in the native Media Player of each phone:
Telephone | Android | webm - VP8 | m4v - H.264 | ogv - Theora | mp4 - H.264 | mov - H.264 | avi - RLE | mpg - MPEG-1 | wmv - WM9 | 3gp - MPEG-4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emulator | 1.6 | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | OK |
Emulator | 2.1 | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | OK |
Nexus One | 2.2 | x | OK | x | OK | x | x | x | x | OK |
HTC Desire | 1.6 | x | OK | x | OK | x | x | x | OK | OK |
Toshiba Folio 100 | 2.2 | x | OK | x | OK | x | x | x | OK | OK |
Xperia X10 | 2.1 | x | OK | x | x | x | x | x | OK | OK |
Xperia X8 | 2.2 | x | OK | x | x | x | x | x | x | OK |
HTC Wildfire | 2.1 | x | OK | x | x | x | x | x | x | OK |
HTC Desire HD | 2.2 | x | OK | x | OK | x | x | x | x | OK |
Galaxy Tab | 2.2 | x | OK | x | x | x | x | x | x | OK |
myPhone A210 | 1.6 | x | OK | x | x | x | x | x | x | OK |
Motorola Milestone | 2.1 | x | OK | x | x | x | x | x | OK | ? |
Milestone 2 | 2.2 | x | OK | x | x | x | x | x | sound-only | OK |
Android file system
Android recommends to use getApplicationContext().getFilesDir() to obtain the data directory for the application and this routine in my HTC Wildfire returns /data/data/<package name>
The native libraries of the application are placed in /data/data/<package>/lib
A good place where we have read and write access and we can create new files and even run files is /data/data/<package name>
Creating a new Java Android application
This info can be useful for helping implement LCL-CustomDrawn-Android
Generic instructions here: http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/other-ide.html
Showing/hiding the virtual keyboard
See here: http://android-codes-examples.blogspot.com/2011/11/show-or-hide-soft-keyboard-on-opening.html
To show it:
InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
imm.toggleSoftInput(InputMethodManager.SHOW_FORCED,0);
and for hiding the keyboard:
InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(singleedittext.getWindowToken(),0);
Android JNI
Using JNI (Java Native Interface) you can call most Android SDK APIs and also other Java libraries.
Table of Java types and Pascal JNI types
All of the Java types except interfaces can be represented in JNI without problems. For each Java type there is a corresponding VM Type Signature which is utilized in routines such as javaEnvRef^^.GetMethodID. There is also the JNI native type, which is the type declared in the unit lazarus/lcl/interfaces/customdrawn/android/jni.pas and should be the type utilized in JNI code written in Pascal. The Pascal equivalent is provided just for comparison, as one should use the types from jni.pas when writing JNI code.
Java type | VM signature | Type in jni.pas | Pascal equivalent | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|
boolean | Z | jboolean | Boolean | |
byte | B | jbyte | Byte | |
char | C | jchar | Word | |
short | S | jshort | Shortint | |
int | I | jint | Integer | |
long | J | jlong | Int64 | |
float | F | jfloat | Single | |
double | D | jdouble | Double | |
a class, ie: String or InputStream | L<full class name> ie: Ljava/lang/String; | jobject | N/A | |
Array, ie: int[] | [<type-name> ie: [I | N/A | ||
A method type | (arg-types)ref-type | JMethodID | N/A | |
void | V | N/A | procedure |
Example 1: Creating a Java object and calling a Java method
Let's say that you want to make Pascal JNI code equivalent to the following Java code:
HttpGet javaRequest = new HttpGet();
URI myURI = new URI("http://magnifier.sourceforge.net/");
javaRequest.setURI(myURI);
First you need to get all Class IDs involved in the process, then get all method IDs which we will use and then make the calls. If the call has parameters, then pass it in an array. The following Pascal native code is equivalent to that Java code above:
uses jni, customdrawnint;
var
javaClass_HttpGet, javaClass_URI: jclass;
javaMethod_HttpGet_new, javaMethod_HttpGet_setURI,
javaMethod_URI_new: jmethodid;
javaRequest, javaURI: jobject;
javaString: jstring;
lParams: array[0..2] of JValue;
lNativeString: PChar;
begin
DebugLn(':>LoadHTMLPageViaJNI');
// First call FindClass for all required classes
javaClass_HttpGet := javaEnvRef^^.FindClass(javaEnvRef,
'org/apache/http/client/methods/HttpGet');
javaClass_URI := javaEnvRef^^.FindClass(javaEnvRef,
'java/net/URI');
// Now all Method IDs
DebugLn(':LoadHTMLPageViaJNI 1');
javaMethod_HttpGet_new := javaEnvRef^^.GetMethodID(javaEnvRef, javaClass_HttpGet, '<init>', '()V');
javaMethod_HttpGet_setURI := javaEnvRef^^.GetMethodID(javaEnvRef, javaClass_HttpGet, 'setURI', '(Ljava/net/URI;)V');
javaMethod_URI_new := javaEnvRef^^.GetMethodID(javaEnvRef, javaClass_URI, '<init>', '(Ljava/lang/String;)V');
// Create a new instance for the HTTP request object
// HttpGet javaRequest = new HttpGet();
javaRequest := javaEnvRef^^.NewObject(javaEnvRef,
javaClass_HttpGet,
javaMethod_HttpGet_new);
DebugLn(':LoadHTMLPageViaJNI 4 javaRequest='+IntToHex(PtrInt(javaRequest), 8));
// Add a URI for the request object
// URI javaURI = new URI("http://magnifier.sourceforge.net/");
lParams[0].l := javaEnvRef^^.NewStringUTF(javaEnvRef, 'http://magnifier.sourceforge.net');
javaURI := javaEnvRef^^.NewObjectA(javaEnvRef,
javaClass_URI, javaMethod_URI_new, @lParams[0]);
javaEnvRef^^.DeleteLocalRef(javaEnvRef, lParams[0].l);
// javaRequest.setURI(javaURI);
lParams[0].l := javaURI;
javaEnvRef^^.CallVoidMethodA(javaEnvRef, javaRequest,
javaMethod_HttpGet_setURI, @lParams[0]);
Example 2: Calling a static method
Let's say that you want to call the following static method located in the Bass class: http://jerome.jouvie.free.fr/nativebass/javadoc/org/jouvieje/bass/Bass.html
public static native int BASS_StreamCreateFile(String file, long offset, long length, int flags);
First you need to get all Class IDs involved in the process, then get the static method ID and then make the call with the parameter in the array:
uses jni, customdrawnint;
var
javaClass_Bass: jclass;
javaMethod_Bass_BASS_StreamCreateFile: jmethodid;
javaString: jstring;
lParams: array[0..3] of JValue;
lRetInt: jint;
begin
// First call FindClass for all required classes
javaClass_Bass := javaEnvRef^^.FindClass(javaEnvRef, 'org/jouvieje/bass/Bass');
// Now all Method IDs
javaMethod_Bass_BASS_StreamCreateFile := javaEnvRef^^.GetStaticMethodID(javaEnvRef, javaClass_Bass, 'BASS_StreamCreateFile', '(Ljava/lang/String;JJI)I');
// Make the call
lParams[0].l := javaEnvRef^^.NewStringUTF(javaEnvRef, '/path/to/file');
lParams[1].j := 0; // offset
lParams[2].j := 200; // length
lParams[3].i := 0; // flags
lRetInt := javaEnvRef^^.CallStaticIntMethodA(javaEnvRef, javaClass_Bass, javaMethod_Bass_BASS_StreamCreateFile, @lParams[0]);
javaEnvRef^^.DeleteLocalRef(javaEnvRef, lParams[0].l);