Pas2js optimizations

Overview

This page describes existing optimizations for the pas2js transpiler as well as feature requests.

Generated JavaScript

Existing optimizations

• -O-: Disable all optimizations
• -O1 : Level 1 optimizations (quick and debugger friendly)
• -O2 : Level 2 optimizations, slow and not debugger friendly
• -OoEnumNumbers[-]: write enum value as number instead of name. Default in -O1.
• -OoRemoveNotUsedPrivates[-]: Default is enabled
• -OoRemoveNotUsedDeclarations[-]: Default enabled for programs with -Jc
• -OoShortRefGlobals[-]: Insert JS local var for types from other units and modules. Default enabled in -O2
• omit unneeded brackets in associative operations (a||b)||(c||d), (a&&b)&&(c&&d), (a|b)|c, (a&b)&c, (a^b)^c, (a+b)+c, (a-b)-c, (a*b)*c
• Use {$modeswitch OmitRTTI} to treat published sections as public and thus remove them by WPO. Published section provide RTTI, so the compiler cannot know at compile time if a published identifier is needed, so it keeps it.

Feature requests

There are some predefined sets of optimizations. At the moment there is only -O1, but eventually there will be -O2, -O3, -O4 similar to FPC. Each optimization can be enabled/disabled separately via some corresponding -Oo flag.

• -O1 : Level 1 optimizations, fast and debugger friendly
• -O2 : Level 2 optimizations, slow and not debugger friendly
• -O3 : Level 3 optimizations, slow and might break special code
• -O4 : Level 4 optimizations, very slow and/or only for rare cases

Specific optimizations:

• move rtl.js functions to system.pp and let the WPO decide if they are needed
• add $mod only if needed
• add Self only if needed
• use a number for small sets instead of JS objects
• shortcut for test if a set is empty a=[] a<>[]
• SetLength(scope.a,l) -> read scope only once, same for Include, Exclude, Inc, Dec, +=, -=, *=, /=
• ECMAScript6: use const for local const
• add an option to let WPO omit all published members not used at compile time
• procedure message modifier: only use message methods which message parameter type is used.
• omit implicit "return Result" if last statement is return. issue 35860
• WPO: omit empty overrides
• -O1: shortcut: a in [b] -> a=b
• -O1: shortcut: [a]*b=[] -> not (a in b)
• -O1: shortcut: [a]*b<>[] -> a in b
• -O1: combine multiple var a=0,b=0
• -O1: init a local var with the first assignment
• -O1: skip clone array for new array and arraysetlength
• -O1/-O2: autoinline
• -O1: replace constant expression with result, e.g. b:=1+2 -> b:=3
• -O1: create constants for set literals in expressions [lit,lit]
• -O1: only in WPO: omit constant definition if all references were replaced by literal
• -O1: no function Result var when assigned only once, e.g. Result = 3; return Result; -> return 3;
• -O1: by reference: create getter/setter object only once
• -O1: pass array element by reference: when index is constant, use that directly (i.e. no temporary variable)
• -O1: var/out argument: create accessor as var outside loops and combine multiple to one
• -O1: $mod.$rtti["name"] -> $mod.$rtti.name
• -O2: replace constant with literal only if reference is longer, e.g. use pas.mymath.tau instead of 6.2831853071795862.
• -O2: compressed format: omit spaces and line breaks in JavaScript
• -O2: inline -Si
• -O2: case-of with 6+ elements as binary tree
• -O2: case-of using JS operators Case1?Statement1:Case2?:Statement2:Else
• -O2: insert local/unit vars for types in same unit
• -O2: insert local/unit vars for static functions
• -O2: {$optimization removeemptyprocs} as FPC
• -O2: skip dead code If(false){...}
• -O2: simplify: "abc" + ("" + expr) to ("abc" + expr)
• -O2: simplify: a = (b) with b not a function declaration to a = b
• -O2: combine var a = v; var b = t; to var a=v, b=t;
• -O2: replace multiple reads (writes) of a variable with a getter (setter).
• -O2: CSE
• -O3: DFA
• -O3: shorten local identifiers: rename identifiers, often used identifiers should get the shortest names, might break asm-blocks.
• -O3: shorten global identifiers: requires WPO, might break asm-blocks and foreign JS accessing the Pascal generated code.

Compiler itself

The compiler was deliberately with the following design policies:

• Modular fashion. Each part has its own test suite and is used by other projects.
• Can be used in a library, i.e. no restart or recreate required to compile another program. Simply call Reset. It reuses files from cache if fileage has not changed.
• Can be used without a filesystem, i.e. in a browser
• Threadsafe, i.e. the compilation can run in a thread. Compiling a program with multiple threads is planned.
• Easy maintenance has higher priority than high speed and low memory usage