TListBox/ja

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TListBox は、ユーザーが1つ選択する必要がある（スクロール可能な）短い文字列のリストを表示するコンポーネントである。コンポーネントパレットのStandardタブで利用できる。

TListBoxにあるstringsはTStrings型であるItemsプロパティに格納されている。そのため、TStringListまたはその親であるTStringsにあるように、リストボックス内に文字列を割り当て、もしくは取り除くことができる。

これはForm1のTListBox ListBox1の使い方のいくつかの例である:

リストボックスを埋める

オブジェクトインスペクタにより

• フォーム上のListBoxを1回のクリックで選択する。
• PropertiesタブでObject Inspectorに移動し、Itemsというプロパティを選択する。
• 3つの点があるボタンをクリックします。String Editorが開く。
• テキストを入力し、OKで作業を確認する。

by code in button click

Add your form a TButton with the name btnFill and caption fill ListBox. In the event handler OnClick of the button, you write the following code:

procedure TForm1.btnFillClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  ListBox1.Items.Clear;             //Delete all existing strings
  ListBox1.Items.Add('First line');
  ListBox1.Items.Add('Line with random number '+IntToStr(Random(100)));
  ListBox1.Items.Add('Third line');
  ListBox1.Items.Add('Even a random number '+IntToStr(Random(100)));
end;

Assignment of a StringList

Add your form a TButton with the name btnFill and caption fill ListBox. In the event handler OnClick of the button, you write the following code:

procedure TForm1.btnFillClick(Sender: TObject);
var
  myStringList: TStringList;
begin
  myStringList:=TStringList.Create;               //Create my StringList
  myStringList.Add('This is the first line.');   //This add a row
  myStringList.Add('This is the second first line.');
  myStringList.Add('This is the third line.');
  myStringList.Add('etc.');
  ListBox1.Items.Assign(myStringList);            //assign the ListBox1 the text content of my StringList
  myStringList.Free;                              //Free my StringList in memory 
end;

Add string

• Extend the example Fill ListBox by code in button click to a TEdit and a TButton with the name btnAdd and caption add string. Change of Edit1 the property Text to "" - empty string.
• In the event handler OnClick of the button, you write the following code:

procedure TForm1.btnAddClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  ListBox1.Items.Add(Edit1.Text);
  Edit1.Text:='';
end;

Delete string

By default is set that you can select only one row in your list box. Do you want to select several of the lines in your ListBox, you would have the property MultiSelect to make True.

at ItemIndex

• Extend the example Add string to a TButton with the name "btnDel" and caption "delete string".
• In the event handler OnClick of the button, you write the following code:

procedure TForm1.btnDelClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  if ListBox1.ItemIndex > -1 then    //Delete only when a string in the listbox is selected
    ListBox1.Items.Delete(ListBox1.ItemIndex);
end;

all selected strings

• Extend the example Add string to a TButton with the name "btnDel" and caption "delete string".
• In the event handler OnClick of the button, you write the following code:

procedure TForm1.btnDelClick(Sender: TObject);
var
  i: Integer;
begin
  if ListBox1.SelCount > 0 then                 //Delete only if at least one string in the list box is selected
    for i:=ListBox1.Items.Count - 1 downto 0 do //Iterate through all the items
      if ListBox1.Selected[i] then              //If selected...
        ListBox1.Items.Delete(i);               //...delete the item (String)
end;

Owner-drawn ListBox

In general, it is advantageous to let the ListBox follow the theme set by the user. In some cases (for example, to program a game with a colorful surface), you can deviate from this standard and draw the control according to your own choice. You can try this now:

• You can modify the previous sample or create a new application with a TListBox ListBox1.
• In the Object Inspector, change ListBox1 property Style to lbOwnerDrawFixed.
• With the Object Inspector, tab events, create the event handler for the event OnDrawItem, by clicking on the button [...].
• You add the following code to the handler:

procedure TForm1.ListBox1DrawItem(Control: TWinControl; Index: Integer;
  ARect: TRect; State: TOwnerDrawState);
var
  aColor: TColor;                       //Background color
begin
  if (Index mod 2 = 0)                  //Index tells which item it is
    then aColor:=$FFFFFF                //every second item gets white as the background color
    else aColor:=$EEEEFF;               //every second item gets pink background color
  if odSelected in State then aColor:=$0000FF;  //If item is selected, then red as background color
  ListBox1.Canvas.Brush.Color:=aColor;  //Set background color
  ListBox1.Canvas.FillRect(ARect);      //Draw a filled rectangle

  ListBox1.Canvas.Font.Bold:=True;      //Set the font to "bold"
  ListBox1.Canvas.TextRect(ARect, 2, ARect.Top+2, ListBox1.Items[Index]);  //Draw Itemtext
end;

  Note: Parameters of ListBoxDrawItem:

Control:
If multiple controls (E.g. multiple ListBoxes) access this event handle, you know which threw this event. You could in our example, instead of

ListBox1.Canvas.FillRect(ARect)

also

TListBox(Control).Canvas.FillRect(ARect)

write, where you should query still possible before, whether it is a TListBox:

  if Control is TListBox then
    TListBox(Control).Canvas.FillRect(ARect);

Index:

Specifies the item location, so you have access to the string

<ListBox>.Items[Index]

.

ARect: Describes the rectangle, which is necessary for drawing the background.
State: Status of the items, whether normal, focused, selected etc.

• Your example could look like:

->

See also

• TListBox doc
• TDBListBox
• ListBox with separators
• tutorial about TListBox